1. Understand and apply media, techniques, and processes.
1.1 Use contour lines.
1.2 Use light and dark lines to indicate value.
1.3 Use shading to indicate value.
1.4 Locate and copy patterns in nature.
1.5 Identify and use the elements of design such as lines and shapes (e.g. straight, thin, curved, zig-zag, square, rectangle).
1.6 Observe and copy relationships between shapes and lines in nature and art.
1.7 Identify neutral colors.
1.8 Recognize the relative value (light and dark) of color.
1.9 Mix colors effectively according to the properties and limitations of each medium.
1.10 Understand some of the uses and limitations of crayons, colored pencils, tempera, paint, and collage.

2. Use knowledge of structures and functions.
2.1 Understand basically correct proportions and movement in construction of human stick figures.
2.2 Appreciate the importance of the proper care of materials.

3. Choose and evaluate a range of subject matter, symbols, and ideas.
3.1 Begin an artwork using their imagination, observation, or memory, and understand the differences among these.

4. Understand the visual arts in relation to history and cultures.
4.1 Appreciate in an artwork the aspects which illustrate differences between past times and the present.

5. Reflect upon and assess the characteristics and merits of their work and the work of others.
5.1 Observe and recognize the art of several artists of renown.
5.2 Produce artworks based on reactions to the artists' works.

6. Make connections between visual arts and other disciplines.
6.1 See how art relates to aspects of mentality, such as imagination, visualization, creativity, intuition, inventiveness, and perceptual or spatial skills, and how it can assist in daily activities.

1. Understand and apply media, techniques, and processes.
1.1 Observe edges in nature and use contour line to create drawings which are true to nature.
1.2 Use cross-hatching and surface lines to indicate the three-dimensional quality of an object.
1.3 Observe and employ patterns from nature in the creation of linear designs.
1.4 Draw an object or scene from life according to its actual appearance.
1.5 Mix and manipulate color according to its temperature and intensity.
1.6 Use neutral colors as separators.
1.7 Utilize the relative value (light and dark) of color to achieve contrast.
1.8 Use crayons, colored pencils, tempera, paint, watercolor, markers, and collage with an understanding of the individual limitations and properties of each media.

2. Use knowledge of structures and functions.
2.1 Draw the human figure with simple volume (basic shapes) and an understanding of the basic proportions and movement.
2.2 Locate and represent correctly human facial features.

3. Choose and evaluate a range of subject matter, symbols, and ideas.
3.1 Begin an artwork using imagination, observation, or memory, and understand the differences among these.

4. Understand the visual arts in relation to history and cultures.
4.1 Appreciate in an artwork the aspects which illustrate differences between past times and the present.

5. Reflect upon and assess the characteristics and merits of their work and the work of others.
5.1 Expand their levels of the recognition of the work and styles of artists of renown.
5.2 Create artworks based on observations of artworks done by others.

6. Make connections between visual arts and other disciplines.
6.1 See how art related aspects of their mentality, such as imagination, visualization, creativity, intuition, inventiveness, and perceptual or spatial skills can assist in daily activities.

1. Understand and apply media, techniques, and processes.
1.1 Observe and reproduce in drawings the texture of objects.
1.2 Draw with an ever-increasing degree of accuracy the true character of objects from nature.

Visual Arts, Grades One - Four, June 3, 4.

1.3 Arrange shapes according to the qualities of pattern, radial design, formal or symmetrical design, and informal or asymmetrical design.
1.4 Identify and utilize in the creation of artworks elements of design such as line, shape, pattern, value, and texture.
1.5 Utilize the color wheel to identify analogous and complimentary colors and as an aid to color mixing.

2. Use knowledge of structures and functions.
2.1 Create through calculation and measurements a three-dimensional form (cube) from a two-dimensional shape (rectangle).

3. Choose and evaluate a range of subject matter, symbols, and ideas.
3.1 Begin an artwork using their imagination, observation, or memory, and understand the differences among these.
3.2 Using line, shape, color, and other elements of design to create mood or feeling.

4. Understand the visual arts in relation to history and cultures.
4.1 Appreciate in an artwork the aspects which illustrate differences between past times and the present.
4.2 Appreciate the evolution or changes in the ways artists of different periods used their art to illustrate their observations.

5. Reflect upon and assess the characteristics and merits of their work and the work of others.
5.1 Expand their levels of the recognition of the work and styles of artists of renown.
5.2 Create artworks based on their observations of artworks done by others.
5.3 Recognize various movements in painting and associate artists with those movements or ISM's.

6. Make connections between visual arts and other disciplines.
6.1 See how art related aspects of their mentality, such as imagination, visualization, creativity, intuition, inventiveness, and perceptual or spatial skills can assist them in their daily activities.

1. Understand and apply media, techniques, and processes.
1.1 Draw objects and people true to reality through observation and the use of the right hemisphere of the brain.
1.2 Understand how to activate the right hemisphere activities when needed, (e.g.through drawing, creative thinking, visualization, or imagination).
1.3 Knowingly utilize simultaneously both hemispheres of the brain to complete directed goals and reach a more creative product.
1.4 Understand and utilize the sketch as a tool.
1.5 Practice the technique of contour drawing.
1.6 Carve a three-dimensional sculpture from a foam block.
1.7 Create a three-dimensional house from a flat piece of cardboard.

2. Use knowledge of structures and functions.
2.1 Create through calculation and measurements a three-dimensional form (cube, house) from a two-dimensional shape (rectangle).

3. Choose and evaluate a range of subject matter, symbols, and ideas.
3.1 Begin an artwork using imagination, observation, or memory, and understand the differences among these.
3.2 Using line, shape, color, and other elements of design, create mood or feeling.

4. Understand the visual arts in relation to history and cultures.
4.1 Appreciate in an artwork the aspects which illustrate differences between past times and the present.
4.2 Appreciate the evolution or changes in the ways artists of different periods used their art to illustrate their observations.

5. Reflect upon and assess the characteristics and merits of their work and the work of others.
5.1 Expand their levels of the recognition of the work and styles of artists of renown.
5.2 Create artworks based on their observations of artworks done by others.
5.3 Recognize various movements in painting and associate artists with those movements or ISM's.

6. Make connections between visual arts and other disciplines.
6.1 See and understand how art related aspects of their mentality, such as imagination, visualization, creativity, intuition, inventiveness, and perceptual or spatial skills, can assist in daily activities.

1. Understand and apply media, techniques, and processes.
1.1 Draw cast shadows.
1.2 Use pencil to draw realistic reproductions of objects and people.
1.3 Carve a design and a form in balsa foam.
1.4 Construct a three-dimensional geometric form from a flat piece of cardboard.
1.5 Create a montage with a theme.

2. Use knowledge of structures and functions.
2.1 Identify the colors of the rainbow.
2.2 Apply overlapping, placement, size, and sharpness of image to represent depth.
2.3 Become acquainted with a variety of artists and their works through related projects in the classroom.

3. Choose and evaluate a range of subject matter, symbols, and ideas.
3.1 Create a montage with a theme.
3.2 Understand the meaning and effects of certain colors.
3.3 Express feelings of happiness, fear, or anger through use of certain techniques.
3.4 Understand the visual arts in relation to history and culture (art history).
3.5 Discuss, analyze, and appreciate different art styles of a number of famous artists.

4. Understand the visual arts in relation to history and cultures.

5. Reflect upon and assess the characteristics and merits of their work and the work of others.
5.1 Express views on their own and other's art by participating in classroom discussions after each project.

6. Make connections between visual arts and other disciplines.
6.1 Participate in cross-curricular cooperative learning activities.

1. Understand and apply media, techniques, and processes.
1.1 Draw square shapes with one vanishing point.
1.2 Apply visual texture to a drawing.
1.3 Apply shading in pencil drawings from observation.
1.4 Use color according to perspective.
1.5 Use brush strokes to different effects.
1.6 Mix tempera paint to obtain hue and value variations.
1.7 Experiment with hard pastels.
1.8 Manipulate carving tools.
1.9 Understand and apply the process of printing.
1.10 Explore modeling clay and/or paper mache.
1.11 Control hand pressure when using tools.
1.12 Carve a three-dimensional relief.
1.13 Mat art works.
1.14 Memorize basic vocabulary concerning art supplies, materials and tools.

2. Use knowledge of structures and functions.
2.1 Study and apply all elements of art in a specific series of technical exercises.
2.2 Learn the process of describing, analyzing, and judging a work of art.
2.3 Distinguish between positive and negative space.
2.4 Review perspective, both linear and aerial.
2.5 Identify variety in line quality.
2.6 Distinguish three-dimensional illusion and depth in two-dimensional design.
2.7 Identify the light source in works of art.
2.8 Observe light and shade in figure-ground relations.
2.9 Review the color wheel.
2.10 Observe figure-ground relations amid color.
2.11 Observe the difference between direct and indirect light.

3. Choose and evaluate a range of subject matter, symbols, and ideas.
3.1 Integrate titles and artwork.
3.2 Identify grounds in two-dimensional works.
3.3 Ask questions: Who? Why? When? Where? What?

4. Understand the visual arts in relation to history and cultures.
4.1 Discuss, analyze and appreciate different art styles of a number of famous artists.
4.2 Become acquainted with a variety of artists and their works through related projects in the classroom.
4.3 Analyze a number of artworks and their meaning.

5. Reflect upon and assess the characteristics and merits of their work and the work of others.
5.1 Express their views on their own and others' art by participating in classroom discussions or written evaluations after each project.
5.2 Understand connections among the various art forms and other disciplines.
5.3 Participate in cross curriculum cooperative learning activities.

6. Make connections between visual arts and other disciplines.

1. Understand and apply art media, techniques, and processes.
1.1 Draw square objects using one and two vanishing points.
1.2 Use the grid for different purposes.
1.3 Draw light and shadow.
1.4 Apply a variety of visual textures.
1.5 Represent a two-dimensional design in three-dimensional levels.
1.6 Use apparent texture to enhance compositions.
1.7 Use mass outlines.
1.8 Control hand pressure when using different tools and instruments.
1.9 Apply colorful shades, taking advantage of textures created with brush stroke, trace, cutter, sanding and/or impost effects.
1.10 Use carving tools effectively.
1.11 Carve a relief.
1.12 Use pastels in a figurative drawing.
1.13 Experiment with value with different drawing tools.
1.14 Experiment with paper mache.
1.15 Explore printing.

2. Use knowledge of structures and functions.
2.1 Balance compositions in relation to space available.
2.2 Review elements and principles of art where applicable.
2.3 Review the color wheel (hue, value, intensity, and opposites).
2.4 Use apparent texture to enhance compositions.
2.5 Differentiate negative space from background.
2.6 Understand negative and positive space.

3. Choose and evaluate a range of subject matter, symbols, and ideas.
3.1 Express feelings and messages through art.
3.2 Research life and work of certain artists discussed.
3.3 Learn to recognize symbols and other cultural expressions used in art.
3.4 Write an individual self evaluation after finishing a project.

4. Understand the visual arts in relation to history and cultures.
4.1 Become familiarized with the works and lives of several twentieth century artists.
4.2 Understand the historical context of twentieth century artists' work and their impact on society and vice-versa.

5. Reflect upon and assess the characteristics and merits of their work and the work of others.
5.1 Participate in class discussions answering aesthetic questions.
5.2 Complete individual written self-evaluations after finishing a project.
5.3 Keep a journal in which questions can be raised and answered.

6. Make connections between visual arts and other disciplines.
6.1 Participate in cross-curricular cooperative learning activities.

1. Understand and apply media, techniques, and processes.
1.1 Manipulate hand pressure and speed to represent energy.
1.2 Create a realistic pastel drawing.
1.3 Work with a sculptural material (paper mache, clay, wood, or plaster).
1.4 Explore watercolor.
1.5 Apply textured and colorful shades, taking advantage of trace, brush stroke, and impasto effect.
1.6 Experiment with Chinese ink.
1.7 Approach a practical problem in terms of the materials available.
1.8 Draw buildings and cylindrical objects using one and two vanishing points.
1.9 Use the gird for a variety of purposes.
1.10 Take advantage of line quality in figure drawing.
1.11 Manage proportion in the human figure and head.
1.12 Create realistic, figurative and/or abstract art.
1.13 Present works neatly.
1.14 Integrate harmony and contrast.
1.15 Manipulate color in atmospheric perspective.
1.16 Create high contrast compositions.
1.17 Design with a purpose, e.g. poster, T-shirt, brochure, or logo.

2. Use knowledge of structures and functions.
2.1 Compare works of art or artists in structured exercises.
2.2 Apply self criticism through written evaluation at the end of each project.
2.3 Take part in class discussions.
2.4 Analyze design qualities.
2.5 Comment on the effects of using the golden section and focal points.
2.6 Identify negative space in different art works.
2.7 Differentiate technique and style.
2.8 Distinguish fine arts from crafts or functional design.
2.9 Observe Chiaroscuro.

3. Choose and evaluate a range of subject matter, symbols, and ideas.
3.1 Use focal points effectively.
3.2 Mat and frame work.
3.3 Display work.
3.4 Integrate text and visual art.
3.5 Distinguish three-dimensional illusion and perspective depth from two dimensional design and three-dimensional artwork.
3.6 Distinguish representation of a two-dimensional design in three-dimensional levels from a representation of a three-dimensional design in a two-dimensional plane.

4. Understand the visual arts in relation to history and cultures.
4.1 Distinguish different aims in art throughout history.
4.2 Become familiar with several artists and their times.

5. Reflect upon and assess the characteristics and merits of their work and the work of others.
5.1 Keep an art journal in which questions can be raised and answered
5.2 Take part in organized class discussions about aesthetic issues.
5.3 Differentiate utilitarian and aesthetic theories.

6. Make connections between visual arts and other disciplines.
6.1 Participate in cross curriculum cooperative learning activities.

*These benchmarks are based on specific projects in the art curriculum. They are subject to change according to the projects taught while still covering the same basic skills.